What is a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)?

• A. A charter for the laboratory's mission and goals.
• B. A manual detailing the occupational safety procedures.
• C. a written laboratory document that provides detailed instructions for the performance of all aspects of a test, analysis, operation or action
• D. A schedule for maintenance of equipment.

Answer: (C)

An SOP is a written, controlled document that provides step-by-step instructions for performing all aspects of a test, analysis, operation, or action in the laboratory. It lays out the exact sequence of steps, who does them, the materials and equipment to use, how to handle results, and the safety and quality criteria to meet. This clarity ensures that the same procedure is carried out consistently every time, regardless of who performs it, which supports reliability, training, and regulatory compliance. The other options describe different kinds of documents not focused on detailed, repeatable procedures for performing lab work.